What standard can be used to express the surface finish or smoothness of steel castings?
The comparison table we made as below is for your reference. You can find the comparison of the new Chinese Ra and Rz standards with the American micron and micron inch Ra in this table. In addition, we have also borrowed from China’s old grading system for your reference. The old grade is still widely used in China. We usually call the downward-pointing triangle “hwar”. However, we usually do not recommend buyers to indicate the old grades of China on the drawings or inquiry sheets. The comparison is for reference only, not as an inspection standard.
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China Old Grade
China New
Ra
China New
Rz
USA micron
Ra
USA microinch
Ra
▽ 1
50
200
▽ 2
25
100
▽ 3
12.5
50
▽ 4
6.3
25
8.00
320
6.30
250
▽ 5
3.2
12.5
5.00
200
4.00
160
3.20
125
▽ 6
1.6
6.3
2.50
100
2.00
80
1.60
63
▽ 7
0.8
6.3
1.25
50
1.00
40
0.80
32
▽ 8
0.4
3.2
0.63
25
0.50
20
0.40
16
▽ 9
0.2
1.6
0.20
12.5
10
8
▽ 10
0.1
0.8
0.10
RMS (microinch)
RMS
(µm)
RA (microinch)
RA
(µm)
Grit Size
80 58
47
34
17
14
2.03 1.47
1.2
0.6
0.43
0.36
71 52
42
30
15
12
1.90 1.32
1.06
0.76
0.38
0.30
80 120
150
180
240
320
https://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Brinell-hardness-testing-insight.jpg329720Yide Castinghttp://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/YiDe-iron-casting-manufacturer-logo-300x137.pngYide Casting2021-10-27 02:04:102023-06-16 02:49:21Surface Finish Degree (Smoothness) Comparison Table between Rz, Ra and RMS for Iron and Steel Castings
Casting flask is also called moulding flask, sand box or moulding box. It is an indispensable tool in the production of sand castings. At the same time, it also plays an important role in the casting process. A suitable sand box can improve the quality of casting and reduce the consumption of molding sand, thereby reducing production costs.
Casting flasks are usually made by welding steel plates. But it can also be made by sand casting process. In other words, the sand box itself can also be a sand casting. For the automatic molding line, the casting flask has a fixed size. Taking the FBO 3 automatic molding line as an example, the size of the flask should be 508 * 610mm.
If the iron foundry does not have a suitable casting flask, then they will have to make some casting flasks for production. There are many types and sizes of sandboxes. The small flask is suitable for the production of small metal castings, and the large flask is suitable for large castings. Their shapes include circles and squares. Sometimes, some reinforcing ribs are welded inside to fix the molding sand. During the casting process, all designs need to be considered to suit production. However, the flask of the automatic molding line cannot be changed. Only packaging boxes used for manual molding and resin sand molding processes can be used.
Generally, unless you want the iron foundry to speed up production, the purchaser of castings does not have to bear the cost of manufacturing the sand box. More flasks can greatly increase productivity.
Yide Machinery casting factory uses FBO automatic molding line to produce iron castings parts for vehicles, cars, trucks, tractors, plow points etc. The following are some casting flasks from Yide Casting.
Brief introduction of iron based coated sand casting:
Iron based coated sand casting is a casting production technology. In the 1970s, Chinese foundry workers developed a special casting technology method, which is based on the research of domestic and foreign foundry counterparts, and in combination with China’s national conditions. It is different from sand casting, lost wax casting, V-shape casting, permanent mold casting, shell mold casting, paraffin casting, ceramic casting, steel shot casting and other casting methods. This method uses a metal model, and the cast iron cavity that is close to the shape of the casting as the sand box iron mold. And then the near-shaped iron mold is covered with a layer of 6~10mm of coated sand to form a mold for pouring into a casting.
The process of iron based coated sand casting includes:
Machine modeling-checking and closing the box-placing the sprue cup in the lock box-pouring-unpacking the casting-sand cleaning-modeling.
That is, having a rigid sand mold shell, which makes the sand mold high in overall strength without deformation. At the same time, it has wide adaptability, easy demoulding of castings, reliable positioning and high precision.
2. Having the characteristics of coated sand shell casting.
The modeling is convenient and fast. No matter what the casting sand mold is, the molding can be completed within two or three minutes. The sand density and surface hardness of the mold are guaranteed by the equipment and are always consistent. And do not need to apply any paint. The smooth casting is obtained, and the shape and dimensional accuracy of the casting are improved.
3. Having the characteristics of metal mold casting.
The iron mold has obvious chilling effect during the crystallization process of molten metal. This can refine the grain size of the casting, thereby improving the overall strength of the casting. The presence of sand tires avoids the shortcomings of metal mold casting. Castings will not produce white holes. For iron castings, it can produce various materials in the as-cast state without heat treatment.
4. High precision
The mold composed of iron mold and thin sand tire has high rigidity, small deformation and fast cooling after locking. Meanwhile, the obtained casting has high dimensional accuracy, small machining allowance and compact structure. It is especially suitable for the production of ductile iron. At the same time, the method use the graphitization expansion of ductile iron to self-feed, and produce castings with less and no risers. Thus to obtain high-quality castings. Because the iron mold cools quickly, it is effective for the production of high-grade pearlite substrates. Rod and shaft castings are particularly advantageous.
5. High hardness
Under normal circumstances the hardness of castings produced by iron based coated sand casting is about 20 HB units higher than those produced by ordinary casting methods.
6. Low investment
Using the waste heat of the cast iron mold to solidify the coated sand produced by recycling, not only reduces electricity consumption, but also the casting process presents a closed cycle production state. In the meantime, the production area is small, requiring no sand treatment equipment, low investment and quick results.
7. Reuse of the mould
Due to the chilling of the iron mold, the molding sand will not be overfired. Not only can the molding sand be reused, but also because of the roasting during the pouring process, the molding sand (quartz sand) undergoes a phase change, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the sand is reduced from 15 to 5. Therefore, the old sand produced in the production process can also be recycled, which is in line with the development of circular economy.
8. Low rejection rate
Iron based coated sand casting is particularly suitable for the production of large batches of medium and small castings. If there are few replacements, the overall rejection rate can be reduced to about 3%.
9. Long service life
The service life of the iron mold with sand-coated iron mold can reach more than 10,000 times. However, under the influence of long-term repeated thermal expansion and contraction and the casting environment, additional maintenance is required.
https://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Iron-Based-Coated-Sand-Casting.jpg405720Yide Castinghttp://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/YiDe-iron-casting-manufacturer-logo-300x137.pngYide Casting2021-09-24 01:16:272023-06-16 02:49:24Introduction of Iron Based Coated Sand Casting
Small cast doors are small doors made of cast iron, also called small cast iron doors. Depending on the application, there are many types of cast iron doors. For example, cast doors used on boilers are called ash doors; and cast doors used on stoves, fireplaces and stoves called furnace doors. Small cast doors mean […]
Stainless steel is also called acid-resistant stainless steel. It has good corrosion resistance, is beautiful, does not fade and is easy to clean. Moreover, its service life is very long. Stainless steel castings are widely used in auto parts, household appliances and construction industries.
The following is a comparison table of stainless steel grades provided by China Yide Casting for your reference.
Yide casting is a leading casting foundry in China, with 27 years’ experience, produces top quantity steel castings. If you are interested in our cast steel, please feel free to contact us for more details on casting.
https://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/steel-castings-in-power-station.jpg444600Yide Castinghttp://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/YiDe-iron-casting-manufacturer-logo-300x137.pngYide Casting2021-09-13 02:10:072023-06-16 02:49:27Comparison Table of Stainless Steel Grades
This is a comparison table for the gray iron and ductile iron grades of various standards, from Yide foundry, including ISO, GB, ASTM, DIN, EN, JIS, UNI, NF, BS, IS, UNF, NBN, AS, SS, NS.
Country
Standard
Equivalent Grades of Gray Iron (Grey Cast Iron)
ISO
ISO 185
100
150
200
250
300
350
—
China
GB 9439
HT100
HT150
HT200
HT250
HT300
HT350
—
USA
ASTM A48
—
NO.20
NO.25
NO.30
NO.35
NO.40
NO.45
NO.50
NO.55
NO.60
Germany
Austria
DIN 1691
GG10
GG15
GG20
GG25
GG30
GG35
GG40
European
EN 1561
EN-GJL-100
EN-GJL-150
EN-GJL-200
EN-GJL-250
EN-GJL-300
EN-GJL-350
Japan
JIS G5501
FC100
FC150
FC200
FC250
FC300
FC350
—
Italy
UNI 5007
G10
G15
G20
G25
G30
G35
—
France
NF A32-101
—
FGL150
FGL200
FGL250
FGL300
FGL350
FGL400
UK
BS 1452
100
150
200
250
300
350
—
India
IS 210
—
FG150
FG200
FG260
FG300
FG350
FG400
Spain
UNF
—
FG15
FG20
FG25
FG30
FG35
—
Belgium
NBN 830-01
FGG10
FGG15
FGG20
FGG25
FGG30
FGG35
FGG40
Australia
AS 1830
—
T150
T220
T260
T300
T350
T400
Sweden
SS 14 01
O110
O115
O120
O125
O130
O135
O140
Norway
NS11 100
SJG100
SJG150
SJG200
SJG250
SJG300
SJG350
—
Country
Standard
Equivalent Grades of Ductile iron (SG Iron, Nodular Graphite Iron)
Refer to iron-foundry.com
ISO
ISO 1083
400-15
400-18
450-10
500-7
600-3
700-2
800-2
900-2
China
GB 1348
QT400-18
QT450-10
QT500-7
QT600-3
QT700-2
QT800-2
QT900-2
USA
ASTM A536
60-40-18
60-42-10
65-45-12
70-50-05
80-55-06
80-60-03
100-70-03
120-90-02
—
Germany
Austria
DIN 1693
GGG40
—
GGG50
GGG60
GGG70
GGG80
—
European
EN 1563
EN-GJS-400-15
EN-GJS-400-18
EN-GJS-450-10
EN-GJS-500-7
EN-GJS-600-3
EN-GJS-700-2
EN-GJS-800-2
EN-GJS-900-2
Japan
JIS G5502
FCD400
FCD450
FCD500
FCD600
FCD700
FCD800
—
Italy
UNI 4544
GS370-17
GS400-12
GS500-7
GS600-2
GS700-2
GS800-2
—
France
NF A32-201
FGS370-17
FGS400-12
FGS500-7
FGS600-2
FGS700-2
FGS800-2
—
UK
BS 2789
400/17
420/12
500/7
600/7
700/2
800/2
900/2
India
IS 1865
SG370/17
SG400/12
SG500/7
SG600/3
SG700/2
SG800/2
—
Spain
UNF
FGE38-17
FGE42-12
FGE50-7
FGE60-2
FGE70-2
FGE80-2
—
Belgium
NBN 830-02
FNG38-17
FNG42-12
FNG50-7
FNG60-2
FNG70-2
FNG80-2
—
Australia
AS 1831
300-17
400-12
—
500-7
600-3
700-2
800-2
—
Sweden
SS 14 07
0717-02
—
0727-02
0732-03
0737-01
0864-03
—
Norway
NS11 301
SJK-400.3
SJK-400
—
SJK-500
SJK-600
SJK-700
SJK-800
https://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/10-Principles-to-Reduce-Casting-Defects.jpg473720Yide Castinghttp://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/YiDe-iron-casting-manufacturer-logo-300x137.pngYide Casting2021-09-07 06:00:362023-06-16 02:49:30Equivalent Grades of Gray iron and Ductile iron
China’s steel foundry produces AISI 1070 SAE UNS G10700 carbon steel castings. In the following, we will be divided into various parts to introduce you to the chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties of the material, as well as the equivalent material grade.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of AISI 1070 carbon steel is outlined in the following table.
Element
Content (%)
Iron, Fe
~ 98
Carbon, C
0.65 – 0.75
Manganese, Mn
0.60 – 0.90
Sulfur, S
0.050 (max)
Phosphorous, P
0.04 (max)
Physical Properties
The physical properties of AISI 1070 carbon steel are tabulated below.
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Density
7.7-8.03 g/cm3
0.278-0.290 lb/in³
Mechanical Properties
The following table shows mechanical properties of cold drawn AISI 1070 carbon steel.
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Elastic modulus
190-210 GPa
29700-30458 ksi
Poisson’s ratio
0.27-0.30
0.27-0.30
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of AISI 1070 carbon steel are given in the following table.
Properties
Conditions
T (ºC)
Treatment
Thermal expansion co-efficient
11.8 x (10-6/ ºC)
0 – 100
–
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to AISI 1070 carbon steel includes: AMS 5115, AMS 5115C, ASTM A29 (1070), ASTM A510 (1070), ASTM A576 (1070), ASTM A682 (1070), ASTM A713 (1070), ASTM A830, MIL S-11713, MIL S-12504, SAE J1397 (1070), SAE J403 (1070), SAE J412 (1070), DIN 1.1231, SS 1770, SS 1778, AFNOR XC 68.
Yide Casting now can provide the service of producing and machining AISI 1045 SAE UNS G10400 carbon steel. Please feel free to contact us for professional service, if you have any thoughts on this material product.
Today, we will introduce the chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and equivalent material grades of AISI 1045 carbon steel.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of AISI 1045 carbon steel is outlined in the following table.
Element
Content (%)
Carbon, C
0.43-0.50
Manganese, Mn
0.60-0.90
Sulfur, S
0.05 (max)
Phosphorous, P
0.04 (max)
Iron, Fe
Balance
Physical Properties
The physical properties of AISI 1045 carbon steel are tabulated below.
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Density
7.87 g/cm3
0.284 lb/in3
Mechanical Properties
The following table shows mechanical properties of cold rolled AISI 1045 carbon steel.
Properties
Metric
Imperial
Tensile strength
585 MPa
84800 psi
Yield strength
450 MPa
65300 psi
Modulus of elasticity
200 GPa
29000 ksi
Shear modulus (typical for steel)
80 GPa
11600 ksi
Poisson’s ratio
0.29
0.29
Elongation at break (in 50 mm)
12 %
12 %
Hardness, Brinell
163
163
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness)
184
184
Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness)
84
84
Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness)
170
170
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of cold drawn AISI 1045 carbon steel are given in the following table.
https://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Non-destructive-Inspection-of-Large-Castings.jpg341495Yide Castinghttp://www.yidecasting.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/YiDe-iron-casting-manufacturer-logo-300x137.pngYide Casting2021-08-27 01:42:022023-06-16 02:49:34Non-destructive Inspection of Large Castings