Spheroidizing Treatment Method of Ductile Cast Iron

There are many spheroidizing methods for ductile iron castings. And the pour-over modification process is currently the most widely used spheroidizing method all over the world.

The treatment package used is usually a dam type spheroidizing treatment package. In order to reduce the intensity of the reaction between molten iron and magnesium, and the volatilization rate of magnesium vapor, the pour-over treatment process usually uses an alloy nodulizing agent with a lower magnesium content.

The process of spheroidizing treatment of ductile iron castings including the following steps.

First, put the nodulizing agent into one side of the dam, and cover the top with ferrosilicon alloy. And then cover it with rust-free iron filings, steel plate or other covering agent. When spheroidizing, the molten iron should be flushed into the other side of the molten iron ladle as much as possible.

The absorption rate of magnesium in the flushing method is generally 30% to 50%. There are three ways to improve the spheroidizing effect.

1. Increasing the ratio of the height to the diameter of the treatment package.

2. Adopting low-magnesium alloy spheroidizing agent.

3. Reasonable molten iron temperature and covering dosage.

The advantages of the pour-over method are simple processing and equipment, easy operation, greater flexibility in production, and low technical content required. However, the disadvantage is that the spheroidization process is higher pollution by magnesium light and smoke, and the absorption rate of magnesium is low.

There is also a subcontracting method, which uses pure magnesium as a nodulizing agent.

The subcontracting method is suitable for processing molten iron with high sulfur content. At the same time, this method can better separate impurities such as magnesium sulfide and silicate from the molten iron. The reaction with molten iron is not very violent and the temperature of molten iron is less. Therefore, it is safe to use, and the absorption rate of magnesium can reach 60% to 80%.

The specific process flow contains the following steps.

1. Before the spheroidizing treatment, place the subcontractor horizontally.

2. Inject quantitative molten iron, and then add the nodulizing agent to the reaction chamber.

3. Lock the closing device, and then close the ladle cover.

4. Turn the molten iron ladle to stand upright.

By now, the molten iron enters the reaction chamber through the small holes in the reaction chamber. The flow rate is related to the area of ​​the small holes and the static pressure in the molten iron ladle.

Magnesium vaporizes by heating, forming a magnesium vapor pressure in the reaction chamber. When the pressure exceeds the static pressure of the molten iron in the ladle, the molten iron stops entering, and the latent heat of vaporization of magnesium reduces the temperature in the reaction chamber. And the vapor pressure also drops, and the molten iron enters the reaction again. This kind of automatic adjustment can make magnesium react with molten iron more smoothly.

The spheroidizing process of the subcontracting method also produces large magnesium light and smoke, and the small holes in the reaction chamber in the subcontracting are easily blocked by molten iron or molten slag. It is troublesome to clean and maintain the size of the small holes. The spheroidizing method is difficult to continuously process the molten iron.

Yide Casting is a professional iron foundry in China, with 28 years’ casting and machining experience, provides ductile iron cast, gray iron cast, brass iron cast services for our customers, you only need to show us your drawing file and requirements, we will ensure the final solution and send you a cast sample to check the quality and parameters, if you are looking for professional casting foundry, please don’t hesitate to contact us for more details.

The Differences between Cast Iron and Cast Aluminum

Due to the different materials, the distinction between cast aluminum and cast iron is quite obvious. Today, Yide Casting will share the differences with you, so that you can choose the right material for your castings.

• The difference in weight

The specific gravity of cast aluminum is lighter than cast iron. The density of cast iron is about 7.8 g/cm3, while the density of cast aluminum is about 2.7g/cm3. The weight of cast aluminum parts of the same size is obviously lighter.

• The difference in volume

The specific gravity of aluminum is lighter. At the same time, the structural strength of aluminum castings per unit volume is less than that of iron castings.Thus the volume of aluminum castings with the same strength is larger than that of iron castings. In the case of the same volume, the strength of cast aluminum is lower than that of cast iron.

• The difference in cost

The current market price of cast aluminum is much higher than cast iron.

• The difference in heat dissipation

The thermal conductivity of cast aluminum parts is more than three times that of cast iron parts. It has been widely used in radiators and heat exchangers in industry and cooking utensils.

• The difference in corrosion resistance

The surface of aluminum castings has a corrosion-resistant oxide protective film, which protects aluminum castings from corrosion. Therefore, aluminum castings are also widely used in medical equipment, refrigeration equipment, oil and gas pipelines, petroleum machinery, etc. The corrosion of iron castings is far less than that of aluminum castings.

• The difference in casting performance

The casting performance of aluminum is higher than that of cast iron. Aluminum is easy to cast and can cast rough castings with complex shapes.

Yide casting is an experienced casting foundry, specialized in casting iron for 28years, can manufacture the casting iron parts according to your drawing file and requirement. If you are looking for a casting manufacturer, please feel free to contact us for more details, and you are welcome to visit our factory for more details.

Ductile Iron EN-GJS-450-10/ASTM A536 65-45-12

Ductile Iron EN-GJS-450-10/ASTM A536 65-45-12 is an excellent grade material.

This grade is equal to QT450-10 in China; GS400-12 in Italy; FCD400 in Japan; FGS400 in France; FNG42-12 in Belgium; SJK-400 in Norway and ISO 1083 450-10.

Yide Casting has producing this material grade for many years. Herein, we will share the mechanical properties, chemical composition, foundries and castings of EN-GJS-450-10 for you.

Properties of EN-GJS-450-10 cast iron

Tensile strength ≥ 450 Mpa.
Yield strength ≥ 310 Mpa.
Elongation ≥ 10%.
As for A536 65-45-12, its elongation ≥ 12%. And the other properties are the same as EN-GJS-450-10

Ductile cast iron EN-GJS-450-10 has high tensile strength, high elongation, and good impact resistance.  Therefore, this grade is very widely used.

Hardness of EN-GJS-450-10 cast iron

The hardness of this ductile cast iron grade is between 160-210 Brinell hardness.

Chemistry composition of EN-GJS-450-10 cast iron

According to the standard DIN EN 1563, the foundries could adjust the chemical composition as long as the mechanical and physical properties of the castings could meet the requirements in Standards.

The following chart is an approximate chemical composition range for your reference.

C: 3.50-4.00, Si: 2.20-2.90, Mn: 0.3-0.6, P: 0.03-0.06, S: 0.02-0.040, Mg: 0.020-0.060.

Foundry of EN-GJS-450-10 cast iron

Because of the comparatively high elongation, EN-GJS-450-10 ductile iron could be used for producing impact resistance casting parts. In addition, it has good low temperature impact resistance and good hardness. Thus it has been used for producing plough, plough pile, differential shell, plow point, valve body and high pressure cylinder.

Yide casting is an experienced casting foundry, specialized in casting iron for 28years, can manufacture the casting iron parts according to your drawing file and requirement. If you are looking for a casting manufacturer, please feel free to contact us for more details, and you are welcome to visit our factory for more details.

EN-GJS-600-3 ductile iron is a high grade material in European standard DIN EN 1563.

It is equal to GGG60 in DIN 1693, QT600-3 in China, A536 80-60-03 in USA ASTM, GS600-12 in Italy, FCD600 in Japan, FGS600-2 in France, FNG60-2 in Belgium, SJK-600 in Norway and ISO 1083 600-3.

Today, I will introduce the mechanical properties, chemical composition, foundries and castings of EN-GJS-600-3 for you.

Properties of EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron

Tensile strength ≥ 600 Mpa.
Yield strength ≥ 370 Mpa.
Elongation ≥ 3%.
No impact requirement.

Ductile cast iron EN-GJS-600-3 has high tensile strength, middle ductility and plasticity. It also has good wear resistance and shock absorption properties. That means its comprehensive material properties are very high.

It has good casting process performance. At the same time, it could be heat treated to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties.

Hardness of EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron

The hardness of this ductile cast iron grade is between 180-270 Brinell hardness.

Density of EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron

The density of this ductile iron grade is about 7.3 g/cubic centimeter, or 7.3 kg/liter.

Chemistry composition of EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron

According to the standard DIN EN 1563, the foundries could adjust the chemical composition as long as the mechanical and physical properties of the castings could meet the requirements in Standards.

The following chart is an approximate chemical composition range for your reference.

Foundry of EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron

Yide casting is an experienced casting foundry, specialized in casting iron for 28years, can manufacture the casting iron parts according to your drawing file and requirement. If you are looking for a casting manufacturer, please feel free to contact us for more details, and you are welcome to visit our factory for more details.

ASTM A536 60-42-10 Ductile Cast Iron

ASTM A536 60-42-10 is a special grade of ductile iron according to the American standard.

This grade is equivalent to ISO 450-10, China QT450-10, Germany EN-GJS-450-10, UK 420/12, Italy GS400-12.

The yield strength of ductile cast iron 70-50-05 is no less than 290MPa, the tensile strength is no less than 415MPa, and the elongation (L0=50mm tensile test bar) is no less than 10%.

This grade of ductile iron is suitable for special applications, such as pipes, fittings etc. In practice, Grade 80-55-06 is better than this grade. Therefore, many clients will use 65-42-12 ductile cast iron instead.

This material grade has middle tensile strength, but the elongation is high. That means it is strong and ductile enough. Therefore, unless you have special reasons, otherwise, the equal grade 65-42-12 may be a better choice.

In standard ASTM A536, there is no requirement to the chemical composition. That means the iron foundry could adjust the chemical composition according to their experience. However, the mechanical properties are the necessary requirement.

You can find the mechanical requirement to ASTM A536 60-42-10 in the chart below: